Unlike the treatment for hypothyroidism, which is fairly straightforward and involves thyroid hormone replacement, getting relief from hyperthyroidism can be more complicated. Deciding on a course of treatment depends on the type of hyperthyroidism you have, the severity of your condition, and how well you respond to other treatments.

Many people are treated with RAI to ablate — or destroy — the thyroid tissue that is making too much hormone. Others are given anti-thyroid medications that slow the production of thyroid hormone. In rare cases, hyperthyroidism is treated with surgery to remove the parts of your thyroid that are producing the excess hormone. In addition to taming the overactive thyroid gland itself, you may need treatments for the effects of the disease, such as the rapid heart rate and the eye problems.

Knowing as much as you can about each form of treatment will help you work with your doctor on choosing the best way to handle your overactive thyroid.