Here is a list of essential rock, pop, blues, and jazz-blues pianists/keyboardist together with one or two of their finer albums. This list is by no means exhaustive; it's more of a point of departure. Note: If the pianist or keyboardist is not the leader, the artist or band name will be listed in parentheses.
Rock, Pop, and Electric Keyboard
Elton John — Captain Fantastic and the Brown Dirt Cowboy and Sleeping with the Past
Billy Joel — The Nylon Curtain and 12 Gardens Live
Donald Fagen — The Nightfly
Bruce Hornsby — Harbor Lights
Jon Lord — Machine Head (Deep Purple)
Rick Wakeman — Close to the Edge (Yes) and Journey to the Centre of the Earth
Tony Banks — Selling England by the Pound (Genesis)
Keith Emerson — Emerson, Lake & Palmer and Brain Salad Surgery (ELP)
Richard Wright — Dark Side of the Moon (Pink Floyd)
Kraftwerk — Autobahn and Minimum-Maximum
Gary Numan — Telekon
Brian Eno — Ambient 1: Music for Airports
Nicky Hopkins — Tin Man Was a Dreamer
Patrick Moraz — Relayer (Yes)
Joe Jackson — Night & Day and Afterlife
Kenny Kirkland — Dream of the Blue Turtles (Sting)
Ben Folds — Ben Folds Five
Tori Amos — Little Earthquakes
Randy Newman — Sail Away and Bad Love
R&B, Early Rock-n-Roll, and Soul
Fats Domino — Early Imperial Singles 1950–1952 and The Imperial Singles, Volumes 2 and 3
Ray Charles — Pure Genius: The Complete Atlantic Recordings (1952–1959) and Strong Love Affair
Little Richard — Here's Little Richard and The Fabulous Little Richard
Jerry Lee Lewis — Jerry Lee Lewis and The Return of Rock
Art Neville — Art Neville: His Specialty Recordings 1956–1958 and Yellow Moon (The Neville Brothers)
Johnnie Johnson — Johnnie B. Bad
Stevie Wonder — Innervisions and Original Musiquarium I
Jools Holland — Friends 3
Billy Preston — A Whole New Thing
Blues and Jazz
Charles Brown — Black Night
Jay McShann — Hootie Blues and Goin' to Kansas City
Nat King Cole — Hit That Jive: 1936–1946 (Nat King Cole Trio) and The Very Best of Nat King Cole
Pete Johnson — Pete's Blues
Jimmy Yancey and Pete Johnson — Jazz Piano Masters: Jimmy Yancey and Jazz Piano Masters: Pete Johnson
Meade “Lux” Lewis — The Blues Piano Artistry of Meade Lux Lewis
Albert Ammons — Boogie Woogie Stomp
Charles “Cow Cow” Davenport — Complete Recorded Works, Vol. 2 (1929–1945)
Fats Waller — Handful of Keys
James P. Johnson — Snowy Morning Blues
Willie “The Lion” Smith — Pork and Beans
Count Basie — For the Second Time (Count Basie and the Kansas City 3) and Straight Ahead
Duke Ellington — Piano Reflections and Three Suites
Thelonious Monk — Straight, No Chaser and Monk's Dream
Brother Jack McDuff — Moon Rappin'
Jimmy Smith — The Cat
Dorothy Donegan — The Explosive Dorothy Donegan
Marcia Ball — Gatorrhythms
Jelly Roll Morton — Birth of the Hot
Harry Connick Jr. — Occasion: Connick on Piano, Vol. 2
Dr. John — Goin' Back to New Orleans and Right Place, Right Time: Live at Tipitina's
Allan Toussaint — The Wild Sound of New Orleans: The Complete ‘Tousan’ Sessions
Professor Longhair — Crawfish Fiesta
Champion Jack Dupree — Blues from the Gutter
James Booker — New Orleans Piano Wizard: Live!
Otis Spann — Otis Spann Is the Blues and The Bottom of the Blues
Sunnyland Slim — Midnight Jump
Willie “Pinetop” Perkins — Down in Mississippi and Heritage of the Blues: The Complete Hightone Sessions
Roosevelt Sykes — Hard Drivin' Blues
Peetie Wheatstraw — The Last Straw
Blues Compilations
Various Artists — Essential Blues Piano
Various Artists — Martin Scorsese Presents the Blues: Piano Blues
Various Artists — A Celebration of Blues: Great Blues Piano