The Imperative Mood
The imperative is often called the command mood, but it is also used to make requests. When you request, ask, or demand something, you are using the imperative. The imperative verb forms are used to give orders or advice, to urge strongly, and to exhort. It is a simple tense and has only one form, the present.
The conjugations of the imperative mood are fairly easy to master. Simply provide the appropriate endings and place an exclamation mark at the end for emphasis. Note that there are only five forms of the imperative: tu, Lei, noi, voi, and Loro, because you must address someone other than yourself. The tricky thing is that some affirmative commands (do!) are different than negative commands (don't!). The Everything Learning Italian Book
Tu in the Imperative
The tu form (informal, singular) is perhaps the most widely used form of the command; you are more likely to use the imperative with somebody you know well. As the tu subject suggests, it is used to give a command to one person you know quite well and whom you would normally address informally.
Table 13-8
Affirmative tu Commands
Mangia! Eat! |
Rispondi! Answer! |
Parti! Leave! |
Negative tu Commands
Non mangiare! Don't eat! |
Non rispondere! Don't answer! |
Non partire! Don't leave! |
Note that the affirmative tu command endings of -are verbs are the same as the third person singular (lui/lei/Le) endings of the present tense -are verbs, and the affirmative tu command endings of -ere and -ire verbs are the same as the second person singular (tu) endings of the present tense -ere and -ire verbs.
Remember that there are three moods in Italian: indicative (statements, what you might think of as the “regular” verb tenses), imperative (the command mood), and the subjunctive (a hypothetical mood, which you will look at in Chapter 15).
Whereas the affirmative tu commands actually have a conjugated form, the negative tu commands use the construction non + infinitive.
There are several verbs that have irregular conjugations — that is, they don't follow the rules outlined previously.
Table 13-10
Irregular
Give the affirmative tu commands of the verb provided.
(Mangiare) _________________________________________ la frutta!
Non (fare) _________________________________________cosù!
(Prendere) _________________________________________ le chiavi!
Non (bere) _________________________________________ quel vino!
(Dire) _________________________________________ la verità!
Non (aprire) _________________________________________ la finestra!
The pattern for the commands of -ire/-isc verbs (see Chapter 7) is as follows: (Tu) Finisci!, (Lei) Finisca!, (Noi) Finiamo!, (Voi) Finite!, (Loro) Finiscano!
Voi Commands
The voi command is used to address two or more people, or a group. As the subject suggests, it is an informal command. The voi command of -are, -ere, and -ire verbs are identical to the corresponding forms of the present tense.
Table 13-11
Affirmative
Mangiate! Eat! |
Rispondete! Answer! |
Partite! Leave! |
Table 13-12
Negative
Non mangiate! Don't eat! |
Non rispondete Don't answer! |
Non partite! Don't leave! |
Table 13-13
Irregular
Verb |
English |
voi Command |
avere |
to have |
Abbiate! (Non abbiate!) |
essere |
to be |
Siate! (Non siate!) |
Repeat each command after it is read by the narrator to practice your pronunciation.
Andate via! |
Go away! |
Non parlate! |
Don't talk! |
Bevete l'acqua! |
Drink the water! |
Non scrivete! |
Don't write! |
Servite le lasagne! |
Serve the lasagna! |
Non offrite il caffè! |
Don't offer the coffee! |
Though there is a difference in the forms of the affirmative and negative tu commands, there is no difference in the spelling of the affirmative and negative forms of the voi command. Simply add the word non to the affirmative command to make it negative.

