The island of Kauai is roughly circular, much like an overturned bowl with the great wet heights of Wai'ale'ale and its surrounding watershed on top and its slopes descending to cliffs, plains, and beaches below. On the southern coast, you'll find a sunnier area, where Po'ipu and Koloa, major centers of tourism, are located. Heading east, you'll encounter the Coconut Coast, which extends from Lihu'e to Wailua and Kapa'a. The Coconut Coast, named for its profusion of coconut palms, is a very popular hotel and resort area. Lihu'e is the island's administrative capital. It serves as the major port of entry — it's home to Kauai's airport and largest harbor, Nawiliwili.

Along the north shore is the old plantation town of Kilauea, followed by the beautiful valley and bay of Hanalei (meaning “crescent bay”) and the exclusive development of Princeville with its stunning resort, golf courses, and condos. Hanalei was a rich agricultural region in ancient times, and it continues to thrive today.

The developed ring around the island's edges ends at Ha'ena, where the rugged northwest coast begins. This part of the island is known as Na Pali, literally, “the cliffs,” and its cliffs soar up to 3,000 feet to the mountains above. A series of valleys cut through these palisades, some of which reach to the ocean. The area is accessible only by trail, boat, or helicopter.

Continuing west, the great cliffs end and the beaches resume. The Pacific Missile Range Facility is found at Barking Sands. The western coast heads south toward Po'ipu with such small towns as Hanapepe, Waimea, and Kalaheo along the way. The western part of the island also bears some truly notable natural features, including the magnificent Waimea Canyon and the great wet wilderness of Koke'e State Park.