As you've learned, dogs age at different rates, depending on factors such as their breed, the care they receive, and their environmental surroundings. In general, canine old age is considered to begin at seven years, although some dogs still seem young for several years beyond that age. The same factors that affect aging also affect a dog's life span. A small or medium-size dog that receives excellent veterinary care, exercise, and nutrition is likely to live twelve to sixteen or more years, while a large or giant breed that receives the same good care will probably live only ten to thirteen years. Whatever the case, you can take steps to enhance and extend your geriatric dog's life.

Keep Your Dog Comfortable

Dogs tend to get a little slower and a little creakier the older they become. Their joints don't work so well anymore, and they have a little more trouble jumping up on the bed or sofa to be with you. Consider getting a ramp for the furniture so they can walk up or down instead of stressing painful joints by jumping. If your dog doesn't already have a nice soft bed, provide one to cushion aging bones. Some dog beds come with heating elements that provide soothing warmth to ease aches and pains. Take your older dog out to potty more often, too. His bladder and sphincter muscles aren't as strong as they once were. Adjust the length and pace of your walks, if necessary. They're still important, but your dog might not be able to go as far or as fast as he once could. If your small or medium-size dog isn't able to walk very far but still enjoys getting out and seeing things, consider pulling him in a child's wagon. It's good exercise for you and good stimulation for him.

Old-Age Health Problems

Arthritis, cancer, heart disease, hypothyroidism, organ failure, and even senility are all problems of older dogs. These aren't really new problems; we just see them more often these days because dogs are living longer, thanks to the great care they receive. To make sure you catch health problems before they become serious, plan with your veterinarian to start screening for them when your dog turns seven years old. A physical exam, annual blood work, and other diagnostic tests can help keep your dog in peak health as he grows older.