Charcot Foot or Joint
Charcot foot or joint, also called neuropathic arthropathy, is a podiatric condition that occurs in a small percentage of people suffering from diabetic peripheral neuropathy. It is caused by a breakdown of the joints and bones that goes unnoticed because of nerve damage and results in deformities of the bones of the feet. A podiatrist or an orthopedist usually treats the condition.
Typical signs of Charcot foot include extreme swelling, warmth of the skin, and redness. Since these are also signs of infection, cellulitis, or deep-vein thrombosis, x-ray examination is needed to confirm the diagnosis.
The Healing Process
In order to heal properly, a Charcot foot must be immobilized in a contact cast, which is replaced periodically in order to inspect the foot. This foot-to-upper-leg cast cushions and protects the foot, and in many cases you may be able to walk on it with the help of crutches or a cane. However, some patients may be instructed to stay off their feet completely.
Fact
Diabetes is the leading cause of lower-extremity amputation in the United States, and the rate of amputation for people with diabetes is 10 times higher than for those without the disease. The good news is at least half of all amputations could be prevented with early intervention and proper foot and skin care.
The cast may need to stay on as long as six months while the foot heals; after it is removed, a leg brace may be required. Frequently, pressure ulcers form as a result of the foot deformity and consequent redistribution of weight. As new bone forms, deformities usually develop that will require custom-molded footwear to accommodate after the cast is removed.
Reconstructive surgery may be required in extreme cases where ulcers become a recurring problem. Physical therapy can also help you regain motion and learn adaptive exercise techniques.
