Major Depression
Major depression is a serious disorder. It is also known as major depressive disorder or unipolar depression. The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) estimates that major depression affects approximately 10 percent of the population, with 20 to 25 percent of the population experiencing at least one episode of major depression during our lives. Symptoms of major depression include the following:
Anger
Trouble sleeping or sleeping too much
Noticeable changes in appetite
Fatigue and lack of energy
Feelings of worthlessness, self-hate, and guilt
Extreme difficulty concentrating
Agitation, restlessness, and irritability
Taking no interest or pleasure in what were previously enjoyable activities — including sex
Feelings of hopelessness and helplessness
Thoughts of death or suicide
There is an increased risk of alcoholism and drug abuse associated with major depression, and it has been estimated that up to 15 percent of people with major depressive disorder die by suicide. It's serious business and deserves serious attention.
Causes
There is no one, single cause for major depression. Instead, a mix of genetics and psychological and environmental factors seem to be responsible. Depression may also occur spontaneously, that is, without obvious, identifiable triggers such as a stressful life event or physical illness. In any case, the National Alliance for the Mentally Ill (NAMI) considers major depression to be a biological, medical illness.
What is psychotherapy?
Psychotherapy is a form of treatment, in which a licensed psychiatrist, psychologist, or counselor works with a patient to help resolve mental and emotional issues that interfere with daily living. It is sometimes called talk therapy. The patient and the psychotherapist talk about the problems and consider logical strategies for dealing or coping with them.
Diagnosis and Treatment
A diagnosis of major depressive disorder is made based upon your symptoms. The key symptoms are having a depressed mood for at least two weeks, and experiencing anhedonia, a loss of pleasure in all those activities you used to enjoy. If these describe how you're feeling, tell your physician so she can make the proper diagnosis.
NAMI estimates that between 80 and 90 percent of those who have been diagnosed with major depression can be successfully treated and restored to normal life activities. Depending upon the severity of symptoms, treatment may include a combination of antidepressants, psychotherapy, and lifestyle changes. Also, electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is another treatment option.
