The word phobia comes from the Greek, meaning “fear.” Phobias are anxiety disorders characterized by excessive fear of things, people, places, and situations, which causes changes in behavior. There are two main types of phobias: specific phobia, which was known in the past as simple phobia, and social phobia, which is also called social anxiety disorder. This Chapter elaborates on the differences between specific phobia and social phobia and their symptoms, causes, and treatment possibilities.