Greene had lost another battle. But once again the British had won a Pyrrhic victory. After collecting his missing 500 men, Rawdon tried to chase Greene down. Failing in this, he burned most of Camden and fell back toward Charleston on May 10. Greene described his successful method of making war in a letter: “We fight, get beat, rise, and fight again.”

The British position in South Carolina depended upon control of a chain of outposts across the state. Greene set about the systematic isolation and destruction of these outposts. To do this he coordinated the operations of his army with the partisans.

Marion and Lee worked well together. They took Fort Watson by building a forty-foot siege tower that overlooked the fort's defenders. They captured Fort Motte by another medieval method, setting fire to its roof with flaming arrows. Individually, Marion occupied Georgetown, while Lee forced the surrender of Fort Granby. Thomas Sumter picked off the post at Orangeburg. Andrew Pickens besieged Augusta, Georgia, and Lee joined him there. After a vigorously contested siege, the garrison surrendered.

Greene himself attacked Ninety Six, the last British outpost in the western part of South Carolina. Ninety Six was heavily fortified and garrisoned by 550 loyalists. For almost a month, Greene besieged the place, trying techniques that had proved successful for his subordinates, such as a wooden tower and flaming arrows. The garrison obstinately resisted. After learning that Lord Rawdon was marching to the relief of Ninety Six, Greene tried an assault. His attack was beaten off, forcing Greene to lift the siege. He lost fifty-seven dead, seventy wounded, and twenty missing. Of the loyalist garrison, twenty-seven were killed and fifty-eight wounded. Despite his reverse, Greene gained his objective. Rawdon evacuated Ninety Six.

Rawdon and Greene maneuvered against each other for much of the summer. In August, Rawdon left for home to restore his health. He was replaced by Lieutenant Colonel Charles Stuart. On September 8, Stuart was encamped at Eutaw Springs with 2,000 men. Stuart had no idea that Greene was advancing on him with 2,400 troops, roughly half regulars and half militia. The British discovered Greene's approach by accident when cavalry guarding a party digging sweet potatoes ran into the American vanguard.

What followed was a bitterly contested battle that seesawed back and forth. After a protracted and fierce firefight, some North Carolina militia broke and ran. Greene sent forward his reserve of Continentals, and now it was the British who fled in disorder. Some of the British took refuge in a stoutly constructed brick house that became an impromptu fort. Once in the British camp, the discipline of the Continentals broke down as they looted the enemy's stores of food and rum. This gave Stuart a chance to rally his men and return to the field. At this point, with his army in disarray, Greene decided to retreat.

Casualties at Eutaw Springs were heavy. The Americans lost 139 killed, 375 wounded, and eight missing. The British losses were eighty-five killed, 351 wounded, and 430 missing. Tactically a drawn battle at best for Greene, Eutaw Springs proved another strategic victory. Stuart's losses compelled him to fall back toward the coast. In one of the most brilliant campaigns in American military history, Greene reversed the course of the war in the south, reducing the area of British control to Savannah and Charleston.